The 22-year-old defender joins Palace on loan until the end of the season.
Goldie joined the Arsenal academy when she was seven and made her senior debut for the Gunners as a substitute during an FA Cup fourth-round win over Gillingham in April 2021.
She left Arsenal in July 2025 to join London City permanently, after she helped them win promotion to the Women's Super League during a loan spell in the 2024/25 season.
Goldie made eight appearances in all competitions for London City last season, helping her team to a sixth-place finish.
She is an England Under-23's international and started in April's final win over Sweden, as the Young Lionesses were crowned as the U23 European champions.
Manager Jo Potter said: "Teyah is a fantastic addition for us. Her composure and WSL experience will be crucial as we continue to build a squad capable of competing in the top-flight."
Speaking on her move to Palace, Goldie said: “I’m really excited, to be honest. I’m obviously familiar with South London after the last couple of years, and I love it. It’s become home, so I’m delighted to be here.”